Commonly used Boolean operators include the following:
- AND
-
Use between two words to find documents that contain both
terms, in any order. For example, type paris AND france to
identify documents that contain both paris and france.
Searches with AND and no other Boolean operators produce the same
results as selecting the All Of The Words option.
- NOT
-
Use before a search term to exclude any documents that contain
that term. For example, type NOT kentucky to
find all documents that don’t contain the word kentucky.
Or, type paris NOT kentucky to find all documents
that contain the word paris but not the word kentucky.
- OR
-
Use to search for all instances of either term. For example,
type email OR e-mail to find all documents
with occurrences of either spelling. Searches with OR and no other
Boolean operators produce the same results as selecting the Any
Of The Words option.
- ^ (exclusive OR)
-
Use to search for all instances that have either term but
not both. For example, type cat ^ dog to
find all documents with occurrences of either cat or dog but
not both cat and dog.
- ( )
-
Use parentheses to specify the order of evaluation of terms.
For example, type white AND (whale OR ahab) to
find all documents that contain either white and whale or white and ahab.
(The query processor performs an OR query on whale and ahab and
then performs an AND query on those results with white.
To
learn more about Boolean queries, syntax, and other Boolean operators
that you can use in your searches, refer to any standard text, website,
or other resource with complete Boolean information.